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Abstract
Analysis of drug resistance transmission of acutely non-B infected HIV patients in Cameroon
N. Ndembi1, D. Mbanya1, A. Abraha2, L. Kaptue1, R. Salata2, E.J. Arts2
Background: As part of surveillance and monitoring of antiretroviral drug resistance in resource-limited settings, we have recently analyzed the genetic variability and resistance genotypes from 79 HIV-infected drug-naïve Cameroonian patients . The goals were to (1) establish a baseline for monitoring resistance to protease inhibitors (PIs) and reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs and NNRTIs) and to (2) examine the efficacy of their use among people infected with HIV in Cameroon.
Methods and results: Out of the 79 strains, 3 belonged to HIV-1 group O and 75 were classified into six HIV-1 subtypes, A1 (n = 4), D (n=4), F2 (n=6), G (n=12), H (n=2) and K (n=1); 3 circulating recombinant forms, CRF02_AG (n=41), CRF11.cpx (n=1) and CRF13.cpx (n=2), inter-subtype recombinant, CRF02_AG/F2 (n=2) and HIV-2 ( n = 1). The amino acid sequence of each strain was compared to the subtype B consensus amino acid sequence (Stanford HIV protease sequence) for mutation associated with resistance to protease inhibitors. Major mutations (M46L and G48R) associated with resistance to PIs (APV, ATV, IDV and NFV) were seen in two of our samples (CRF02_AG and CRF13_cpx). The mutation leading to resistance to NRTIs and NNRTIs are well defined and differ between the two classes of RT inhibitors. Ten of the 78 strains had major mutations (V108I in one CRF02_AG, V118C, V179E, Y181C (in one CRF13_cpx and 3 HIV-1 group O strains), L210Y and T215X (in 3 CRF02_AG strains) associated with resistance to RTIs (AZT, NVP, DLV and EFV). Overall, the protease gene region was less conserved than the RT gene region. One of our strain contained major mutations associated to PIs (M46L) and NRTIs (Y181C) resistance.
Conclusions: The emergence of ARV resistance, particularly to nevirapine (NVP) may have a grave consequence to the success of future treatment strategies (Triomune) as well as most perinatal prevention programs utilizing NVP.
AIDS 2006 - XVI International AIDS Conference
Abstract no.
THAX0102
Suggested Citation
"N.Ndembi, et al.
Analysis of drug resistance transmission of acutely non-B infected HIV patients in Cameroon.
Oral abstract session:
AIDS 2006 - XVI International AIDS Conference:
Abstract no.
THAX0102"
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