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Abstract
Naturally Occuring Polymorphism In Non-Subtype B HIV-1 Group M Strains Occuring Among Treatment-Naive Patients In Rural Northwest Cameroon
Ndembi N.1, Tameh T.1, Abraha A.2, Mbanya D.S.1, Arts E.J.2, Kaptue L.1
Introduction: The main constraints for access to ART in Africa have been the high cost of drugs, the lack of infrastructure to procure and distribute drugs, inadequate numbers of trained health-care staff and the lack of adequate laboratory facilities to monitor patients receiving ART. This study aims at investigating the impact of viral genetic diversity on natural susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs in untreated Cameroonians infected with non-subtype B HIV type 1.
Methods: Between February and March 2004, samples collected from treatment naive individuals who consecutively attended a rural health center in western Cameroon were screened for HIV using Determine HIV-1/2 (Abbott, Tokyo, Japan) a rapid test for antibodies to HIV-1 group M and O, and HIV-2. Nested PCR of pol-IN (288 bp) and pol-PR (297 bp) followed by sequencing was used to determine HIV subtypes. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by neighboring-joining method, with the nucleotide distance calculated by Kimura two parameter approach. Variability of amino acid sequence (n=99 aa) within essential regions of the PR, including sequence around the active site, the top of the flap and the second loop of the beta sheet were aligned by use of the CLUSTALW program.
Results: Out of 108 samples, three (5.2%) of the isolates belonged to group O. Among the remaining group M isolates subtype G (CRF02-AG) was by far the most predominant (89.7%) of subtype followed by 1.7% subtype A1, 1.7% D,and 1.7% F(F2) based on pol-PR analysis. Major and minor PI resitance associated mutations at 19 amino acids sites was done. Two major substitutions D30N and V82A were identified in HIV-1 sub-subtype F2 and CRF02-AG strains, respectively.
Conclusions: Given the likelihood that the most commonly used first line ART regimens in Cameroon contains an NNRTI and PI baseline resistance testing in treatment naive individuals should strongly be considered in many settings.
The 3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment
Abstract no.
WePe4.4C01
Suggested Citation
"NdembiN., et al.
Naturally Occuring Polymorphism In Non-Subtype B HIV-1 Group M Strains Occuring Among Treatment-Naive Patients In Rural Northwest Cameroon.
Poster Exhibition:
The 3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment:
Abstract no.
WePe4.4C01"
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